This test only measures Serum Iron.

Serum Iron, TIBC, and Iron % Saturation

This panel includes three related tests that help evaluate iron status in the body: Serum Iron, Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC), and Iron % Saturation. Together, they are used to assess iron deficiency, iron overload, and help diagnose various forms of anemia.

1. What Are These Tests?

• Serum Iron: Measures the amount of circulating iron in the blood bound to transferrin.

• TIBC (Total Iron-Binding Capacity): Measures the blood’s capacity to bind and transport iron via transferrin.

• Iron Saturation (%): Calculated by dividing serum iron by TIBC and multiplying by 100; reflects the percentage of transferrin that is saturated with iron.

2. Why Are These Tests Performed?

These tests are used to:

• Diagnose iron deficiency or iron overload.

• Differentiate between types of anemia (e.g., iron deficiency vs. chronic disease).

• Monitor iron therapy or iron status in chronic illness.

• Evaluate symptoms such as fatigue, pallor, weakness, or abnormal hemoglobin levels.

3. Reference Ranges (May Vary by Lab)

• Serum Iron: 60 – 170 µg/dL

• TIBC: 240 – 450 µg/dL

• Iron % Saturation: 20% – 50%

4. Interpreting Results

🔹 Iron Deficiency:

• Low serum iron

• High TIBC

• Low % saturation

🔹 Iron Overload (e.g., Hemochromatosis):

• High serum iron

• Low/normal TIBC

• High % saturation (> 50–60%)

🔹 Anemia of Chronic Disease:

• Low serum iron

• Low/normal TIBC

• Low/normal % saturation

5. What Can Affect Iron and TIBC Levels?

• Recent iron intake (supplements or meals)

• Inflammation or chronic illness (lowers TIBC)

• Liver disease or malnutrition

• Hormonal factors or menstrual blood loss

6. How Is the Test Performed?

• A blood sample is drawn, usually after fasting for 8–12 hours for accuracy.

• Often ordered as part of an iron panel or anemia workup.

7. When to See a Doctor

🚨 Contact your healthcare provider if you:

• Experience fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, or other signs of anemia.

• Are at risk for iron overload or have a family history of hemochromatosis.

• Are receiving iron supplementation or treatment for anemia.

🔹 Key Takeaways

✅ These tests help evaluate iron availability and binding in the bloodstream.

✅ Results help diagnose iron deficiency, iron overload, or anemia of chronic disease.

✅ Interpretation requires consideration of all three values in context.