Uric Acid

The Uric Acid test measures the amount of uric acid in the blood or urine. Uric acid is a waste product formed from the breakdown of purines, which are substances found in certain foods and body cells. This test helps evaluate conditions related to elevated or decreased uric acid levels, such as gout, kidney stones, and certain metabolic disorders.

1. What Is Uric Acid?

• Uric acid is produced when the body breaks down purines, which are found in red meat, seafood, and some beverages like beer and soda.

• Most uric acid dissolves in the blood, is filtered by the kidneys, and excreted in urine.

• High or low levels of uric acid can indicate metabolic or kidney-related issues.

2. Why Is the Uric Acid Test Performed?

This test is used to:

• Diagnose or monitor gout, a form of arthritis caused by uric acid crystal buildup in joints.

• Detect and manage kidney stones or kidney disease.

• Monitor uric acid levels during chemotherapy or radiation treatment, which can increase uric acid breakdown.

• Evaluate causes of recurrent joint pain or inflammation.

3. Uric Acid Reference Range

• Men: 3.4 – 7.0 mg/dL

• Women: 2.4 – 6.0 mg/dL

• Reference values may vary slightly between laboratories.

4. Interpreting Uric Acid Results

🔹 High Uric Acid (Hyperuricemia):

• May indicate gout, kidney disease, dehydration, or high purine diet.

• Can lead to painful joint inflammation or uric acid kidney stones.

🔹 Low Uric Acid (Hypouricemia):

• Less common; may be caused by liver or kidney disease, alcohol use, or certain medications.

5. What Can Affect Uric Acid Levels?

• Diet (especially foods rich in purines: red meat, organ meat, seafood)

• Alcohol, especially beer and liquor

• Kidney function and hydration status

• Certain medications (e.g., diuretics, aspirin, chemotherapy)

6. How Is the Test Performed?

• A blood sample is drawn from a vein (serum uric acid).

• A 24-hour urine sample may also be collected to assess uric acid excretion.

7. When to See a Doctor

🚨 Consult your healthcare provider if you:

• Have symptoms of gout (sudden joint pain, swelling, redness, especially in the big toe).

• Have a history of kidney stones or unexplained joint pain.

• Are undergoing cancer treatment or have risk factors for uric acid imbalance.

🔹 Key Takeaways

✅ Uric acid levels reflect how the body processes purines and eliminates waste.

✅ High levels are commonly linked to gout and kidney issues.

✅ Diet, hydration, and kidney function all influence uric acid levels.