PSA, Free (Prostate Specific Antigen)

PSA, Free (Prostate Specific Antigen) 

 
The PSA, Free test measures the level of unbound (free) prostate-specific antigen in the blood. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and it exists in both bound and unbound forms in the bloodstream. Measuring free PSA can provide additional information for assessing prostate health, especially in men with moderately elevated total PSA levels. 
 
1. What Does the PSA, Free Test Measure? 
• Measures the amount of PSA that is not attached to proteins in the blood. 
• Reported as a percentage of free PSA to total PSA (Free PSA/Total PSA × 100). 
• Helps distinguish between benign prostate conditions and prostate cancer. 
 
2. Why Is the PSA, Free Test Performed? 
• To help determine the risk of prostate cancer in men with elevated total PSA. 
• To reduce the need for unnecessary prostate biopsies. 
• To evaluate prostate health in conjunction with total PSA levels and other diagnostic findings. 
 
3. Interpreting Results 
🔹 High Percentage of Free PSA: 
• Suggests a lower risk of prostate cancer. 
• Often associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). 
 
🔹 Low Percentage of Free PSA: 
• Indicates a higher risk of prostate cancer. 
• May prompt further testing such as biopsy or imaging. 
 
4. What Can Affect PSA Levels? 
• Prostate enlargement, infection, or recent medical procedures. 
• Age and race (PSA levels tend to rise with age). 
• Medications or recent ejaculation. 
 
5. How Is the Test Performed? 
• A blood sample is taken from a vein. 
• Both total PSA and free PSA are measured to calculate the percentage. 
 
6. When to See a Doctor 
🚨 Contact your healthcare provider if you: 
• Have a family history of prostate cancer. 
• Are experiencing urinary symptoms or pelvic discomfort. 
• Have elevated PSA levels and need further evaluation. 
 
🔹 Key Takeaways 
✅ PSA, Free is a useful tool for assessing prostate cancer risk. 
✅ Helps reduce unnecessary biopsies in men with elevated total PSA. 
✅ Results must be interpreted alongside total PSA and clinical context.